Compound yarn and fabric



Jan. 7, 1936. c, E, McLEAN 2,026,693

COMPOUND YARN AND FABRIC Filed March 22," 1933 Fig.8

IVENTOR T 1 www ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 7, 1936 UNITED STATES 2,026,693 COMPOUND YARN AND FABRIC Charles E. McLean, Methuen, Mass, asslgnor to Patchogue-Plymouth Mills Corporation, Law- Y rence, Mass a corporation of New York Application March 22, 1933, Serial No. 662,101-

2 Claims. (Cl. 139-420) This invention relates to a type of woven material which is especially useful for rugs or other floor coverings and to the yarn of which the filling or that part of the filling which is on the top\ face is made.

In addition to giving body to the fabric and having good wearing qualities, this yarn and fabric have a feeling and appearance similar to what is known in the trade as drugget.

Moreover, it can ,be used on piazzas and other places exposed more or less to the weather as it is not materially affected by moisture.

I am aware that strips or tough paper have been twisted or revolved and formed into yarn and I am aware that such strips have been used as a core entirely covered with fiber as shown in the patents to Williams. No. 429,829, June 10, 1890 and No. 451,791, May 5, 1891 and Perkins, No.

446,926, February 24,1891. Other combinations of strips'of paper used in compound yarn and fabrics are shown in patents to Harrison, No.

961,441, June 14, 1910, Claviez, No. 999,908, July aware that there are a great number of compound yarnsv made up of strands of various twisted materials.

The principal feature of this invention, however, is the'fuse of a core made upiof a plurality of strands, each of which is made of paper stock roving. Such roving is made without forming the paper stock into paper sheets and then cutting these into strips and twisting them. The paper stock strands or roving are the same or similar to those produced by the process shown in patent to Sherman, No. 1, 542,915, June 23, 1925.

Such paper stockmay be produced from wood pulp or may be of any other paper stock, either pure or mixed with other short or even long fibres of cotton, ramie or hemp.

Wood fibre and hemp fibre treated and mixed make an excellent combination for producing the I paper stock roving.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a greatlyenlarged elevation of the core before being twisted with the covering strip, several of the strands which comprise it being shown as untwisted.

way .of twisting the strip and core whereby the strip is wound spirally about the core.

Fig. 5 is-a greatly enlarged cross section of a single ply fabric woven with my compound yarn as a filling. ,1

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of a fabric woven with filling threads made of my compound yarn at the top face and at the bottom face.

Fig.7. is an elevation greatly enlarged showing how the-covering strip spirals around the core' after being twisted together.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the double faced fabric shown in Fig. 6.

The preferred form of my compound yarn Y is made by taking three strands of paper stock roving I, 2, 3 such as described, and giving them from two to three left turns to forms, core yam C. This core yarn C while under some tension is then twisted with a covering strip S which strip I is originally longer than the core and is originally made up of one or more strands ll l2, each. strand preferably including seventy percent of wool or shoddy fiber and thirty percent of short V rayon fiber. I

The covering strip S has preferably been given five or six right turns before it is twisted with the core C and its length before twisting is substantially greater than the length of the core C. This greater length should be ten percent or more before twisting and the strip S, whilebeing twisted with the core C, is subjected .to little, if any, tension.

Preferably the strip S is unwound from a cheese or package such as indicated at P while the core C is pulled from a spool jat a sharp angle over and under rods 2|, 2|, 2 I, after which the two strands are brought together and carried through one of the arms 22 of a flyer F, being also wound thereby on a spool-G.

Strip S, as shown, is unwound from the top of cheese P and thence runs over a guide rod 24."

The result of this construction is that the covering strip S forms a fairly close spiral around the core C and as the flyer F is revolving to the left, the core and cover are given three left turns withthe result that in the compound yarn Y, the paper stock yarn core C has from five to six left turns while the strip S is untwisted so that it has from two to three left turns.

Obviously the terms in every casemight be ,re-

versed and where the word right is used left might be substituted and where leftis used right might be substituted.

This treatment causes strip S to become almost rovingand with the lack of tension and the untwisting, the spiralled covering strip S spreads out very loosely around the core C.

The original fiber yarn is substantially longer than the core yarn and the process of twisting them together, therefore, makes the difference in their length still greater.

Instead of wool and rayon in the proportion of seventy percent to thirtypercent, the proportions may be nearly equal and there may be one strand or several strands originally twisted together. The fiber may be of cotton, silk, ramie, jute, hemp or any other kind of fiber alone or mixed, according to the eflect or the feeling which it is desired to give the surface of the rug or other article manufactured from the compound yarn.

4 filling of woven rugs.

In every case I use a plurality of strands of paper stock roving each substantially round and compact, hard twisted together for the core. Such a compound yarn with such a core used for a filling does not pulland tend to narrow the fabric as does one with a cotton core and needs no sizing and such a core is waterproof and clean while a twisted paper ribbon core picks up dirt and breaks when wet. A core yarn of this kind particularly in an interwoven or multiple ply fabric does not pull and does tend to lie flat.

In making such a core yarn another way is to give a hard twist to the multiple strands of the core, say seven and a half to the inch and then to untwist these down to five by the same process in which the covering strip is untwisted down to two turns. A paper ribbon cannot be initially twisted enough to permit this.

The principal purpose of my compound yarn is for use in making rugs or other similar floor coverings where a substantial body is desirable and where the feeling especially of the exposed surface of the rug is important.

Another important quality for rugs and floo coverings, such as carpets, is, of course, strength to resist tearing and also the quality of resisting friction. J

Preferably'my compound yarn is used for the By filling, I mean what is known as the weft as distinguished from stufiing threads which are usedin such articles and are usually parallel with the warp and are known as as cotton or wool.

In this preferred construction, I also show stumng warp threads H, H which may be made rug leaving the spiral covering S on the outer surface at the top and also at the bottom,

I prefer to use relatively small strong and hard twisted holding warp threads relatively close together and these combined with the relatively small hard twisted paper stock roving compound core yarn sink out'of sight leaving the wool covering on the surface, but held tightly in place, the whole rug having body and the tendency to stay in place which cannot be obtained with a cotton or a paper ribbon core.

As shown in Fig. 5, I may use my compound yarn for the" weft or filling in a single ply fabric. In this case, C represents the core and S the covering strip while M, M represent the warp threads such as are used in any ordinary single ply weave.

I claim:

1. A woven fabric made up of stufling warp threads made of paper, holding warp threads made of twisted textile fibers; anda set of parallel top filling threads and a set of parallel botwarp threads to force the spiral covering to the top and bottom surfaces whereby relatively little of the core is exposed.

2. A woven fabric made up of stufiing warp threads made of paper,.holding warp threads made of twisted textile fibers; and filling threads each of such filling threads being made up of a hard twisted coreformed of a plurality of strands of, paper stock roving twisted together and a covering of relatively thick, loosely twisted short fibers spirally, coiled around such core, the filling 5oyarn threads being longer than the core threads and being sufficiently bent by the warp threads to force the spiral covering to the top and bot- .tom surfaces whereby relatively little of the, core is exposed.

CHARLES E. MoLEAl l'. 

